Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes is diagnosed by screening all the pregnant women during the pregnancy because GDM generally have few or no symptoms. High level of glucose in the blood samples is detected inappropriately by the diagnostic test. Depending upon the population studied, 3 to 10% of pregnancies are affected by GDM.
Babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus have increased risk for macrosomia, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress, still birth, hypocalcemia, shoulder dystocia, seizures, hyperbilirubinemia, intrauterine death, perinatal morbidity.
Aims and objectives
To determine perinatal outcome in relation to maternal fasting and postprandial (2 hours) blood sugar control in gestational diabetes mellitus.
Perinatal outcomes included are macrosomia, Respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia, seizures, hyperbilirubinemia, NICU admission, Anomaly, IUD, Stillbirth, perinatal injury, perinatal mortality.
Methodology: This was prospective/observational study the study was conducted at Government RSRM Hospital, Attached to Stanley Medical College, Chennai.
Study Period: The study was conducted for a period of one year from December 2018 to September 2019.
Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the study. In these 63 patients were on meal plan, 79 patients were on insulin, 6 patients initially on meal plan were converted to insulin, 2 patients initially on insulin were converted to meal plan.
Conclusion: There is relationship between fasting and postprandial blood sugar values and neonatal outcomes. Early diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes with adequate antenatal care are essential to reduce the adverse neonatal outcomes. So universal screening in early gestation is recommended. Early detection of GDM and adequate blood sugar control is done to reduce the adverse neonatal outcomes.
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