Abstract: Background: Cancer of uterine cervix is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. The present study was conducted to determine the efficacy of Pap smear in detection of cancer cervix.
Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Gynecology & Obstetrics on 510 females of age ranged 18-70 years. After a vaginal examination, cervical smears were taken with the help of Ayer’s spatula and cyto brush to collect specimen from the squamocolumnar junction. The cellular material obtained on the spatula and cyto brush was quickly smeared on a clean glass slide. The smears were stained with Papanicolaou stain (PAP stain) and slides were examined under light microscope following 2001 Bethesda system.
Results: Age group 18- 30 years had 102 patients, 31-40 years had 132, 41-50 years had 120, 51-60 years had 84 and 61-70 years had 72. The difference was significant (P- 0.01).In age group 18- 30 years, maximum patients showed unsatisfactory results (25) followed by normal (20), HSIL (16), inflammatory (15), atrophy (12). In age group 31-40 years, maximum patients showed unsatisfactory results (30) followed by inflammatory (27), normal (25), atrophy (14). In age group 41-50 years, maximum patients had inflammatory (23), followed by normal (22) and unsatisfactory results (15). In age group 51-60 years, maximum patients had HSIL (16) followed by normal (15), inflammatory (12) and ASCUS (12). In age group, maximum patients had HSIL (14) and ASCUS (13). The difference was significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Pap smears appear efficient in screening for early detection of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix. Early intervention should be employed to prevent developing lesions of cervix in females.
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