Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined by the WHO as hyperglycemia first detected during pregnancy that does not meet diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. Offspring of mothers with GDM are still at a higher risk for developing diabetes, obesity and metabolic disorders in the long term. The present retrospective study was undertaken for assessing the outcome of pregnancy of early detected gestational diabetes.
Materials & methods: Data records were readily assessed a total of 300 subjects were shortlisted for the present study. Two study groups were formed with 150 subjects in each group as follows: Early GDM group: GDM diagnosis before 6 moths of gestation, and Usual GDM group: GDM diagnosis after 6 months of gestation. Based on the data record files, pre-pregnancy weight and other parameters were recorded. Follow-up records were analysed and neonatal outcome was also assessed. All the results were analysed by SPSS software.
Results: Mean gestational age at the time of Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was 18.2 weeks and 27.1 weeks among the subjects of Early GDM group and Usual GDM group. Significant results were obtained while comparing the mean gestational age at the time of OGTT, fasting blood glucose and type of anti-diabetic treatment among the subjects of Early GDM and usual GDM group. Pregnancy induced hypertension was present in 6% and 4.67% of the subjects of early GDM and usual GDM group. Neonatal hypoglycaemia was seen in 6% and 10.67 percent of the subjects of early GDM and usual GDM group. Neonatal outcome was worse in subjects of usual GDM group.
Conclusion: Prompt screening for gestational diabetes in subjects (with presence of risk factors) as early diagnosis and intervention is accompanied with an improved better outcome.
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