Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the common medical conditions that make pregnancy complicated. Pregnancy causes incremental improvements to the metabolism of the maternal carbohydrate to satisfy the increasing demands of the fetus and her mother. The progress of the pregnancy leads to a rise in insulin secretion as insulin tolerance and diabetic stress are attributed to hormones such as human placental lactogen (HPL). When this compensation results in insufficient gestational diabetes mellitus.
Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of treating gestational diabetes mellitus with Glibenclamide in comparison to Insulin.
Methods: A randomized study was performed on 100 GDM patients, split into two groups of 50 each. Insulin was administered for one group and glibenclamide therapy for another and their health condition and results were compared after treatment. All antenatal patients, except those with pre-existing diabetes, were tested for GDM. Each patient was advised of 75 g OGTT at her first antenatal appointment, according to institutional protocol.
Results: In both groups, post-delivery HbA1c was normal suggesting strong glycaemic function. The insulin and glibenclamide group demonstrated an equal incidence of PIH and cesarean delivery. In all the patients, post-delivery fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose were normal. In any of the characteristics represented by student t in each table, there were no major variations between the two groups, which meant that both medicines were relatively effective.
Conclusion: Because of its broad protein binding characteristics, short half-life, glibenclamide does not cross the placenta and functions as a substratum and inhibition for P-glycoprotein. Therefore, glibenclamide may be a safe and reliable alternative to Insulin therapy in GDM care.
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