Abstract: Objectives: Calculate the frequency of genital endometriosis, describe the epidemiological profile and describe the anatomo-histoclinical aspects of genital endometriosis at the Conakry University teaching Hospital.
Methodology: this was a retrospective descriptive study lasting 10 years, from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2018. It concerned all cases of lesions of the female genital system, the which documents were examined in the anatomo-pathological laboratory. It concerned all cases of lesions of the female genital system whose parts were examined in the anatomo-pathological laboratory. The limitations or constraints of the study were the absence of certain information on the anatomopathological examination request forms and the absence of imaging results (ultrasound, MRI). We carried out an exhaustive examination of the data available in the registers of the anatomo-pathologies service of the Conakry University Teaching Hospital.
Results: The frequency of genital endometriosis was 13.09% (n = 111) among benign genital pathologies (n = 737). Female genital endometriosis cases represented 81.02% followed by digestive ones 9, 48%. The epidemiological profile was that of a woman in the 30-39 age group (33.10%), housewife (45.54%), pauci gesture (26.67%), nulliparous (36%). The reasons for consultation are dominated by dysmenorrhea (54.05%) followed by menometrorrhagia (48.65%). The main presumptive clinical diagnoses were ovarian cysts (30%) and uterine myoma (27.027%). The samples represented by the operative parts constituted the bulk of the samples examined (89.19%). The uterine endometriosis topography was the highest (53.15%) followed by ovarian one (35.14%). The cases of endometriosis with a firm consistency were the most observed at 48.65% followed by cases with a soft consistency (16.22%). The cases of genital endometriosis of homogeneous consistency and reddish appearance represented 44.14% followed by whitish cases (27.03%). Endometriosis with heterologous elements represented 37.84% followed by cases without associated changes 24.32%. Endometriosis lesions with a mono focal location were the most represented 63.06%. The histological position in the utero-cervical locations was deep in 49.21% followed by the superficial location in 26.98%. Endometriosis cases without associated lesions represented 55.86 followed by cases associating inflammatory lesions 18.02%.
Conclusion: Endometriosis is a benign lesion affecting all segments of the female genital tract. It constitutes a polymorphic lesion in its non-specific symptomatology. It represents an affection of the young woman in full genital activity which can compromise her fertility. The diagnosis of deep forms is complex involving clinical, imaging (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) which must always be confirmed by pathological examination.
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