Abstract: Introduction: Preeclampsia, a complex hypertensive disorder occurring during pregnancy, poses significant risks to both maternal and fetal health. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and abnormal lipid profile have been implicated in the aetiopatophysiology.
Materials and Methods: Pre-eclamptic patients were enrolled in the study starting at the 20th week of gestation. The recruitment process took place at random between December 2021 and December 2022. As controls, apparently similar expectant mothers were chosen. Each participant's complete blood was obtained, and the serum was used for the laboratory analysis of VEGFR-1 and the lipid profile characteristics. The parameters of the lipid profile and vascular endothelial growth receptor-1 were measured using ready-to-use commercially produced kits based on the enzymatic and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques respectively. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. The threshold for statistical significance was established at 0.05.
Results: Individuals with pre-eclampsia had noticeably greater serum levels of VEGFR-1, LDL-c, TG, and TC than individuals in the control group (p<0.001). The median range of VEGFR-1(pg/ml) (1285, p<0.001), the mean TC (mmol/l) (6.23, p<0.001), TG (mmol/l) (2.75, p<0.001), and LDL-c (mmol/l) (3.69, p<0.001) were significantly raised among the pre-eclamptic women when compared to control except HDL-c (mmol/l) (1.36 p<0.001) which was lower in participants with pre-eclampsia. Plasma VEGFR-1 and the lipid profile parameters both had statistically significant levels of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).
Conclusion: Plasma VEGFR-1 and lipid profile characteristics may serve as reliable pre-eclampsia predictors.
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