Abstract: Background: People are worried about how the coronavirus outbreak will affect women's reproductive systems, especially their ability to get pregnant and have regular periods. Menstrual cycles can be changed by things like stress, endocrine problems, gynaecological conditions, autoimmune diseases, genetics, infections, and changes in living.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze menstrual pattern changes in reproductive-aged women post-COVID-19 infection and determine changes in sex hormones during the pandemic.
Patients and Methods: 125 women ages 16 to 45 who had a COVID-19 infection in the last 3 to 6 months took part in a pro-retrospective study from May 1, 2020, to November 1, 2022. People who used hormonal treatment, had polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, uterine fibroids or polyps, pelvic adhesions, pelvic inflammatory disease, or main ovarian failure were not allowed to participate. There was also a comparison group of 90 healthy women who did not have COVID-19. Hormone levels and menstrual history were checked for 90 women who were affected.
Results: Out of 135 subjects (median age 34±2 years) with COVID-19 infection, 76 had mild and 59 had moderate to severe infection. Moderate-severe individuals had 28 comorbidities compared to 6 in mild ones. Of the 88 individuals, 43 were overweight, 37 obese, and 8 severely obese. Diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease differed between mild and moderate-severe patients. Moderate-severe patients were hospitalised more. More than half of subjects reported menstruation alterations during the pandemic, with 27% of mild and 41% of moderate-severe groups reporting higher volume.
Conclusion: COVID-19 did not substantially influence average sex hormone concentrations or ovarian reserve in childbearing women. During ovarian suppression, sex hormone variations may cause menstrual alterations, which normalise following recovery. COVID-19 severity did not affect menstrual cycle.
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