Abstract:
Objective: To explore the difference of Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) expression in pathological tissues of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.
Methods: From September 2020 to August 2024, patients who underwent hysteroscopy in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau were enrolled in this case control study. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial cancer groups. HLA-G expression in pathological tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry in all participants.
Results: Three groups included 65, 37, and 67 patients, respectively. The positive rates of HLA-G expression in the normal group, hyperplasia group, and endometrial cancer group were 12.3%, 29.7%, and 50.7%, respectively, showing an increasing trend. In the endometrial cancer group, 81 patients had endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and seven patients had non-endometrioid cancer with positive rates of HLA-G expression of 49.2% and 66.7%, respectively. The positive rate of HLA-G expression in both endometrial cancer and hyperplasia groups was significantly higher than that in the normal group (p<0.05), and the positive rate of HLA-G expression in the endometrial cancer group was significantly higher than that in the hyperplasia group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Compared with normal endometrium, the expression of HLA-G was significantly increased in endometrial hyperplasia tissue and even more significantly in endometrial cancer tissue.
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