Abstract: Background: Nearly 10% of people worldwide are infertile. Oocyte developmental competency affects IVF results. Research suggests that fat-soluble vitamin content in follicular fluid affects oocyte and embryo quality.
Aim of study: To investigate the effect of the concentration of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K in individual follicles on oocyte quality and developmental competence.
Patient and Methods: A 10-month prospective research at Kamal Al-Samarraee Hospital for infertility and IVF in Baghdad, Iraq, from January 1 to November 1, 2024. Sixty infertile women aged 18-38 with fresh cycles entered the infertility consultation room and underwent GnRH antagonist IVF-ICSI cycles. An antagonist GnRH regimen was created for all patients. After controlled ovarian stimulation on oocyte retrieval day, ELISA evaluated serum and follicular fluid vitamins A, D, E, and K.
Results: The pregnancy results of 60 patients were positive in 19 patients, giving a pregnancy rate of 31.7%. A significant association between follicular fluid levels of vitamins A and E and pregnancy status. Vitamin A in follicular fluid was significantly associated with the embryo’s top-quality status on day 2. Except for vitamin K, the concentrations of other vitamins in follicular fluid were significantly associated with the embryo development status on the 3rd day of culture, and they were significantly associated with the embryo development status on the 5th day 5 of culture.
Conclusion: By combining routine morphological evaluation with follicular fluid vitamin analysis, it may be possible to select a better embryo for transfer, potentially increasing the likelihood of pregnancy, and determine embryonic developmental competence in a more sensitive and accurate manner.
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