Abstract: Background: Infertility is a global problem can affect both man and women couples worldwide characterized as a failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy following ≥ 12 months of having regular unprotected sex. Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) is a protein have been established as a protein participated in male germ cell development and fertility and was elevated in male infertility. The study aims to investigate HSP70 in the seminal plasma of infertile Iraqi men.
Method: This study included 83 semen samples from 53 infertile men and 30 healthy controls, collected at Kamal Al-Samraei Hospital, Baghdad, from March 2023 to June 2024. Patients (aged 19-50 years) underwent clinical evaluation, and semen analysis followed WHO 2010 guidelines. Samples were centrifuged, and supernatants were stored at -80°C for HSP70 assessment using ELISA (Elabscience, Cat. E-ELH1863).
Results: In the study, 53 male patients were divided into three groups: infertile oligozoospermic OZ (n=17), asthenozoospermia AZ (n=18), and oligoasthenozoospermic OAS (n=18), and fertile control (n=30). ELISA was used to measure HSP70 in seminal plasm. The semen infertile man had a considerably higher mean ±SD of HSP70 (11.83±1.42) compared to the control group (6.37±1.25) (p=0.000). It was substantially higher in AZ and OAS than OZ. HSP70 ROC showed a flawless male patient diagnosis from healthy at cutoff value (>8.48 ng/ml). It offers AUC (1, p<0.001) with 100% sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusion: the higher expression of HSP70 in infertile patient might be considered as a therapeutic agent for infertility and acquires the test a perfect diagnostic identity for male infertile.
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