International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Background: Caesarean section saves maternal and infant lives when vaginal delivery pose risk to life of the mother and the baby but when performed without a medical need it exposes mother and baby to unnecessary short and long term risk. According to the new research from WHO caesarean section rate is rising globally for more than 1 in 5 (21%) of all births. The purpose of this study is to analysis signal of caesarean section and audit the rate by using Robsons Criteria.
Materials and Methods: A Retrospective analytical study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Arokya Womens Centre, Salem, Tamil Nadu, and South India. The study period was from June 2024 to May 2025. All cases of LSCS and their indications were analysed and audited using Robsons Criteria. Details are obtained from case sheets, OT register, parturition record and new born register of 542 patients who underwent caesarean section.
Results: Out of 3156 institutional deliveries, LSCS was 542 and 2614 was labour natural. The incidence of caesarean section rate was 17.1%.Primary caesarean section was 253. The incidence of primary caesarean section rate was 8.01%. The highest contribution was Group 5 and Group 2 by analyzing from Robson criteria. The lowest contribution was Group 4. The most common indications were previous LSCs with CPD and fetal distress.
Conclusion: From this study, we conclude that primary caesarean rate is 8.01% in our hospital which is within WHO guidelines. Previous LSCS and fetal distress contributes to greater numbers. Careful FH monitoring, expediting labour using instrumental delivery and promoting TOLAC can be done to reduce CS rates in those categories.