International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Background:Chronic Endometritis (CE) is a clinically significant inflammatory condition of the endometrial lining, which has been implicated in a range of gynecological disorders, most notably Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of CE in women with a history of RIF and RPL, and to assess the diagnostic accuracy of hysteroscopy for detecting CE in these patients.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 81 women with a history of RIF or RPL. All women underwent office hysteroscopy followed by Immunohistochemistry staining for the diagnosis of CE in both RIF and RPL cases. The diagnostic accuracy for detecting CE was calculated based on the IHC findings.

Results:the prevalence of CE in the RIF group was found to be 19.44% by hysteroscopy and 22.22% by IHC. In the RPL group, the prevalence was 35.56% by hysteroscopy and 31.11% by IHC. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and overall accuracy of hysteroscopy revealed 86.96% sensitivity, 96.55% specificity, 90.91% PPV, 94.92% NPV, and 93.83% accuracy for all patients, 100.00%, 96.55%, 87.50%, 100.00%, and 97.22% respectively for the RIF group, and 81.25%, 96.55%, 92.86%, 90.32%, and 91.11% respectively for the RPL group.