International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, and Polycystic Ovarian Morphology (PCOM). While the Rotterdam criteria remain the diagnostic standard, limitations in clinical and ultrasonographic parameters-especially among adolescents and obese women-necessitate the evaluation of more objective biomarkers. Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) has emerged as a promising marker due to its correlation with follicular reserve and its independence from menstrual cycle variation.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum AMH levels in women with PCOS and explore its correlation with clinical, biochemical, and ultrasonographic parameters as per the Rotterdam criteria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 155 women aged 18-45 years diagnosed with PCOS at MGM Medical College Hospital, Jamshedpur. Clinical features, hormonal profiles, and ultrasound findings were recorded. Serum AMH was measured using ELISA. Associations were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests, and the diagnostic performance of AMH was assessed.
Results: The mean AMH level was 9.94±2.43 ng/mL. A significant association was found between AMH levels and acne (P=0.038), but not with hirsutism, hyperpigmentation, anxiety, or stress. Most participants (88.4%) had PCOM on ultrasound. AMH showed minimal correlation with LH, FSH, estradiol, prolactin, DHEAS, and testosterone levels. While elevated AMH levels were common, they did not significantly differ across subgroups with various clinical or biochemical features of hyperandrogenism.
Conclusion: AMH is a valuable adjunctive marker for diagnosing PCOS, especially reflecting ovarian follicular reserve and morphology. However, its lack of strong association with clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism or psychological symptoms suggests that it should not be used as a standalone diagnostic tool. A comprehensive approach remains essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management of PCOS.