The role of metformin in managing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): An overview of treatment efficacy and patient outcomes
Author(s): Kelina H Dave and Pragnesh B Shah
Abstract: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. Among the various treatment strategies available, Metformin has gained attention due to its insulin-sensitizing properties and its potential to address multiple aspects of PCOS. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of Metformin in managing PCOS, focusing on its effects on metabolic, reproductive, and hormonal parameters. Studies have shown that Metformin improves insulin resistance, a central feature of PCOS, leading to enhanced ovarian function, restoration of regular menstrual cycles, and ovulation. Furthermore, its role in weight management and reduction of hyperandrogenism has been documented, potentially alleviating symptoms like hirsutism and acne. However, the efficacy of Metformin remains debated, as some studies report significant improvements, while others suggest minimal or no benefits. The objectives of this overview are to provide an updated review of the current literature, examining the impact of Metformin on both short-term and long-term outcomes in PCOS patients. A comprehensive understanding of the treatment's effectiveness in improving clinical and metabolic symptoms will help clinicians tailor interventions for women with PCOS. This review concludes by discussing the potential limitations of Metformin therapy and future directions for research, including combination therapies and personalized treatment plans. Further clinical trials with large sample sizes are necessary to establish more robust guidelines for Metformin use in PCOS management.
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